Start with observation

A five-step path for collectors

  1. 1

    How to Identify a North American Coin

    Build an identification record from observable evidence before naming a coin.

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  2. 2

    How to Read Coin Inscriptions

    Create an accurate inscription transcription and identify the date system without guessing missing characters.

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  3. 3

    How to Grade Coins

    Separate wear, strike, luster and damage, and explain why a photograph may support only a cautious grade range.

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  4. 4

    How to Spot Fake Coins

    Combine specifications and exact-object evidence, and recognize when specialist examination is needed.

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  5. 5

    How to Store Coins

    Plan safe handling, inert storage and a record that stays with the coin.

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